| Abstract | Turizam kao jedna društveno-ekonomska pojava nastala je kao rezultat interkacije turista, osoba koje pružaju usluge turistima, ali i procesa koji omogućuje privlačenje istih. Povijest turizma seže od pojave prvih svratišta, prenoćišta, hotela i toplica. Pružanje usluga turistima dovelo jest do pojave ugostiteljske djelatnosti koja se može provoditi samo u određenim objektima odobrenim od Zakona o ugostiteljskoj djeltnosti te se izdvajaju: restorani, barovi, hoteli i sl. Hotel kao ugostiteljski objekt koji prvenstveno pruža usluge smještaja, ali i hrane i pića danas nadopunjuje svoju ponudu brojnim drugima za duži boravak turista. Strukturu hotelske industije čine: mali hoteli, hotelske grupacije i međunarodno hotelsko poslovanje. Mali hoteli se javljaju kao inačica velikih, prilagođavaju se tržištu te se najčešće sastoje od 20 do 30 soba. Menadžer u takvim hotelima obavlja više uloga. Hotelske grupacije vode velike hotele u svom vlasništvu ili u najmu, prednost je tehnička ušteda i profitabilnije poslovanje, no nedostatak je problem komunikacije, nadzora i troškova. Međunarodno poslovanje čine hotelske grupacije koje djeluju u najmanje dvije zemlje. U svakome hotelu potrebna je organizacijska struktura kako bi se ciljevi mogli izvršavati, no ona je pod utjecajem vanjskih i unutarnjih čimbenika. Vanjski čimbenici su oni na koje hotel ne može utjecati, već im se mora prilagođavati ( npr. pravno okruženje) dok na unutarnje čimbenike hotel može utjecati (npr. problematika kadrova, struktura hotelskih usluga...). U hotelu kao organizacijskoj strukturi menadžment ima veliku ulogu. Menadžment je proces oblikovanja i održavanja okruženja u kojem radeći zajedno, timovi ostvaruju ciljeve. Svaki hotel mora unutar menadžmenta izvršavati temeljne zadatke: planiranja, organiziranja, vođenja, kontroliranja i upravljanja ljudskim resursima. Također, moraju se jasno postaviti vizija i misija, zajedničke vrijednosti, ali i strategija i ciljevi. Menadžer je osoba koja mora voditi račun da se isti ostvare, odnosno mora voditi organizaciju prema ostvarivanju ciljeva. On ima zadatak pronalaženja suradnika, motiviranja i davanja slobode istima. Organizacija koja želi postati konkurentna mora konstantno ulagati u menadžment i ljudske resurse. |
| Abstract (english) | Tourism as a socio-economic phenomenon came about as a result of the interaction of tourists, persons providing tourism services, and the process that enables the attraction of them. The history of tourism dates back to the emergence of the first inns, lodges, hotels, and spas. Providing tourists services has led to the emergence of hospitality and catering activities that can only be carried out in certain facilities approved by the Hospitality and Catering Industry Act, and are distinguished by restaurants, bars, hotels, etc. The hotel as a hospitality and catering facility that primarily provides accommodation services, but also food and beverage, today complements its offer to many others for a longer stay of tourists. The hotel industry structure consists of small hotels, hotel groups, and international hotel business. Small hotels appear as large variants, they adapt to the market and usually consist of 20 to 30 rooms. A manager in such hotels performs more roles. Hotel groups are leading wholly owned or leased hotels, and the advantage is a technical saving and more profitable business, but the lack of communication, control, and the cost is a con. International business consists of hotel groups that work in at least two countries. Each hotel needs an organizational structure to achieve goals, but it is influenced by external and internal factors. External factors are those that the hotel cannot interfere with, but they have to adapt (e.g. legal environment, etc.), while the internal factors can affect the hotel (e.g. staff issues, the structure of hotel services, etc.). In the hotel as an organizational structure, management plays a major role. Management is a process of designing and maintaining an environment where, working together, teams achieve goals. Each hotel must within the management carry out the basic tasks: planning, organizing, managing, controlling and managing human resources. Also, vision and mission, common values, strategies, and goals must be clearly defined. A manager is a person who needs to take account of all of that to achieve the vision or, in other words, must lead the organization towards achieving their goals. He has the task of finding collaborators, motivating and giving them freedom. An organization that wants to become competitive must constantly invest in management and human resources. |
